MedifocusHealth

Diet is the key to managing diabetes. Historically, dietary guidelines have been complicated and overwhelming for many persons with diabetes. Recently, however, these guidelines have been reconsidered and simplified somewhat. There is no longer considered to be one single diet that meets the needs of everyone with diabetes.

All persons with diabetes should follow a heart-healthy, high fiber diet, limited daily fat intake to 30% or less of calories with < 7% from saturated fat. Limit sodium intake to 1,500mg or less per day. Also, eat at least 3oz of whole grains, 2 cups of fruit, and 3 cups of vegetables per day.

The Glycemic Index (GI) is a ranking system for carbohydrates based on their immediate effects on blood glucose levels. The GI enables the ranking of foods from 0-100 based on their blood glucose responses, thereby, describing how quickly the carbohydrates they contain is digested and absorbed into the blood. Foods with a low GI produce gradual postprandial rises in blood glucose levels and insulin response, while high GI foods, which are rapidly digested and absorbed, result in marked fluctuations in blood glucose levels.

With type 1 diabetes, studies show that the amount of insulin needed and the maintenance of blood sugar control is related to the daily intake of carbohydrates. A delicate balance of carbohydrate intake, insulin and physical activity is necessary.