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Introduction to End Stage Renal Disease
Functions of the Kidney
The kidneys are responsible for many vital functions:
- Production of urine which contains the by-products of metabolism (salts, toxins, and water). The kidneys and urinary tract (which includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra) filter and eliminate these waste substances from the blood.
*Monitoring and maintenance of the body's balance of water and electrolytes (sodium, potassium, phosphorus and calcium)
Regulation of blood pressure and the level of vital salts in the blood. By regulating salt levels through production of an enzyme called renin (as well as other substances), the kidneys ensure that blood pressure is adequately regulated.
Production of a hormone called erythropoietin, which stimulates and controls the body's red blood cell production (red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body).
Regulation the acid-base balance (or the pH) of the blood and body fluids, which is necessary for the body to function normally.
Production of dihydroxyvitamin D3 which is required for calcium metabolism and healthy bones.
Metabolism of drugs and removal of toxins.
